Worked with Laura and she is incredibly knowledgeable. She gave me all the right advice and steered me in the right direction. Her ongoing support is as good as it gets. I feel like I have a 24 hour team at my beckoning call. For the meat and pot...read moreWorked with Laura and she is incredibly knowledgeable. She gave me all the right advice and steered me in the right direction. Her ongoing support is as good as it gets. I feel like I have a 24 hour team at my beckoning call. For the meat and potatoes. I got an Icam 4D from her and now I am printing all on 4 arches same day surgery at our practice in Denver(NUSET). We are going to put ICams and Trios’ in all our offices thanks to Laura and the Cad-Ray team. If you have any questions about the workflow and the success we are having with the Digital work flow call Laura and I will help you succeed with her product support.Thank you Laura and Cad-Ray!read less - 4/28/2022
Mark Geddes
Love my medit! Cad-ray has been awesome to work with and very educational in learning all things digital . Was doing a study club with 4 other dr's showing off the medit and the cerec dr who had just bought the newest kept saying, "mine doesn't do...read moreLove my medit! Cad-ray has been awesome to work with and very educational in learning all things digital . Was doing a study club with 4 other dr's showing off the medit and the cerec dr who had just bought the newest kept saying, "mine doesn't do that. No way! I wish mine could do that. For real? I paid 4 times as much."
Needless to say the medit is awesome.read less - 6/18/2020
I have just recently purchased the Medit i700, and although it is "on its way" I have to comment on the support that I have already received, especially from Nick. He walked me through the benefits and features of the scanner and the transaction was...read moreI have just recently purchased the Medit i700, and although it is "on its way" I have to comment on the support that I have already received, especially from Nick. He walked me through the benefits and features of the scanner and the transaction was extremely easy. I can only think that the rest of the onboarding will be the same and in six months I will revisit this site and be extremely grateful I made the purchase.read less - 12/09/2021
If your planning to buy dental oral scanner look for Jon. He will give you a great deal. He is very friendly and knowledgeable about the advantage of Medit I500. AGAIN, Don't forget to look for Jon for your next oral scanner. I highly recommend this ...read moreIf your planning to buy dental oral scanner look for Jon. He will give you a great deal. He is very friendly and knowledgeable about the advantage of Medit I500. AGAIN, Don't forget to look for Jon for your next oral scanner. I highly recommend this guy.read less - 1/09/2021
SCOTT MEUSELBACH
I bought a Medit i700 and admittedly did not use it for a year or so. Once I got going on it, I now hate analog impressions (time, lab time, expense, questions of quality, etc). I had a cord go bad (fray) and could not scan. I called and spoke to Hea...read moreI bought a Medit i700 and admittedly did not use it for a year or so. Once I got going on it, I now hate analog impressions (time, lab time, expense, questions of quality, etc). I had a cord go bad (fray) and could not scan. I called and spoke to Heather, and she was outstanding in providing service. I texted a pic, she corresponded with Medit, and they got a new one to me the next day. Tracking, email correspondence, etc. all was provided there as well. I was back up and running in no time, and having to do some analog impressions made me realize how much we love the scanner. The service from Heather and Medit (Dane) verified it. I sent a text out to a pile of dental friends to let them know as well. Highly recommended!read less - 7/10/2024
jorge lube
I live in Puerto Rico and Cad-Ray made my decision easy when it comes to purchasing Dental equipment. I decided to call after having connection issues with my i700 and Andy responded immediately. He was very pleasant to work with and within 2 days, r...read moreI live in Puerto Rico and Cad-Ray made my decision easy when it comes to purchasing Dental equipment. I decided to call after having connection issues with my i700 and Andy responded immediately. He was very pleasant to work with and within 2 days, received my brand new cord. I can always always rely on Cad-Ray for their incredible support and highly recommend this company to anyone looking to explore digital dentistry.read less - 12/30/2021
Dado Dado
Frank DeLuca has been great since we bought the scanner! Always there for you and returns his calls asap. Thank you Frank! - 1/25/2023
Kenneth Gould
A most helpful, detailed, easy to follow, personal primer via Zoom on integrating the i700 scanner into our practice. Well done! Thank you Kaila! - 5/03/2022
Lauri Ann
I am about the worst person when it comes to technology. I decided to get a scanner and chose the Medit due to all the positive comments users had. I haven't used it much-the pandemic started right as I received it, however, the customer service has ...read moreI am about the worst person when it comes to technology. I decided to get a scanner and chose the Medit due to all the positive comments users had. I haven't used it much-the pandemic started right as I received it, however, the customer service has truly been amazing! I had an online training and a rep checked in with me several times to see if I needed help. I am going to do another online training soon as a refresher. I wouldn't hesitate to recommend this company and scanner to anyone!read less - 6/16/2020
Shant Aharonian
Cad-ray has to be the best company to work with when it comes to digital dentistry solutions. Here are the reasons why: 1. Experience. Everyone in the company has extensive experience in dentistry. They have used all digital platforms and offer custo...read moreCad-ray has to be the best company to work with when it comes to digital dentistry solutions. Here are the reasons why: 1. Experience. Everyone in the company has extensive experience in dentistry. They have used all digital platforms and offer customers first hand experience. 2. Honesty. Based on their experience they share all the good/bad of different systems. They work with you to find a solution that works best for you. Not sell you the piece of the equipment that gives them the biggest commission. 3. Support. Cad-ray offers the missing piece of the dentist/digital manufacturer puzzle. Many other distributors sell you a piece of equipment but don’t have true day-to-day experience with that equipment. Cad-ray’s team openly share their expertise to help customers optimize their workflows with great technology. 4. Passionate. The Cad-ray team is extremely passionate about their craft. They truly believe in what they have to offer. I took Armen Mirzayan’s course on intraoral scanning and it was truly mind blowing. Armen’s insights will help any dentist optimize their craft. I purchased the full sprintray 3d printing ecosystem the help of Frank. I plan to purchase more equipment from cad-ray. Also, Jesse is a genius in regards to all aspect of digital workflows. I’m truly grateful for this company and everyone who I’ve worked with so far.read less - 10/07/2022
Carter Mitchell
Pretty much echoing what everyone else has said. Frank DeLuca and the whole team at CAD-RAY are fantastic. The best customer service and support in dentistry, hands down, not even a close second. We are thrilled with our Medit scanner and will certai...read morePretty much echoing what everyone else has said. Frank DeLuca and the whole team at CAD-RAY are fantastic. The best customer service and support in dentistry, hands down, not even a close second. We are thrilled with our Medit scanner and will certainly be choosing CAD-RAY for any future purchases.read less - 12/30/2021
Jacob Masters
Best dental equipment company I have ever worked with! Great response and super helpful for any issues even years later. - 8/03/2023
Aaron LaRock
Dentist here. Bought a scanner, mill and 3d printer with Cad-Ray. I don't know what I'd do if I bought these items without their support. They've helped me so much and are awesome. I felt I had to repay by writing them this nice review. You won't reg...read moreDentist here. Bought a scanner, mill and 3d printer with Cad-Ray. I don't know what I'd do if I bought these items without their support. They've helped me so much and are awesome. I felt I had to repay by writing them this nice review. You won't regret getting whatever you need through Cad Ray.read less - 3/15/2024
Thomas Lim
5 stars for a great product and great service. After much research I knew I was set on the Medit 500. I considered some of my local equipment reps, as well as cad-ray. Cad-ray won out due to their efficiency, speed of service, and knowledge. The...read more5 stars for a great product and great service. After much research I knew I was set on the Medit 500. I considered some of my local equipment reps, as well as cad-ray. Cad-ray won out due to their efficiency, speed of service, and knowledge. Their online presence makes it easy to get help via messaging, social media, or phone.
The scanner itself works great, but make sure to contact them to get the minimum specs required for a laptop -- it will make a difference in how the scanner performs.
To make the scanner mobile, I purchased this cart from Staples: https://www.staples.com/Oklahoma-Sound-Premium-Audio-Visual-Presentation-Cart-40-1-2-H-x-18-W-x-30-D-Black-Ivory-Wood/product_932437.
Lastly, I purchased "3M Dual Lock Fastener" to keep the power module attached to the wand from falling off the cart. I carry the scanner between two offices, so I wanted something sturdy, but removable. (see in photos). The hockey puck shaped holder (comes with the scanner) works great for holding the wand itself.read less - 10/10/2019
I love this scanner. Seriously, how can you fit so much quality into the scanner, software and support and such a low price? Magic?!?! Probably. But, for real, we really like using this scanner and it produces great results. Best dental purchas...read moreI love this scanner. Seriously, how can you fit so much quality into the scanner, software and support and such a low price? Magic?!?! Probably. But, for real, we really like using this scanner and it produces great results. Best dental purchase I've ever made!read less - 10/09/2019
I had a training session with Laila this morning and she was fantastic! Very organized training, easy to follow and was able to get my scanner up and running. Thank you Kaila! - 1/06/2022
Christopher Godla
I have had my Medit i700 scanner for about 2 months now and have completed 67 restorative cases with it. Scans have generally been pretty quick, and the accuracy seems to be superior to the iTero I used. My first scanner ended up dying after a few ...read moreI have had my Medit i700 scanner for about 2 months now and have completed 67 restorative cases with it. Scans have generally been pretty quick, and the accuracy seems to be superior to the iTero I used. My first scanner ended up dying after a few weeks. Medit and cad-ray were great- they sent a new scanner within the week and haven't had any problems since. Customer service has been spot on. Overall I have been very satisfied.read less - 6/30/2021
Great 1st lesson with Ryan on the Mediti700. We are ready to scan:) - 12/30/2022
Trident Dental
Great help when you need it. Frank, Armen and team will take care of you. - 12/10/2021
John Pisacane
I purchased my Medit scanner after the ADA meeting in 2018. I did it primarily on the personal recommendation of Armen Mirzayan, the owner of Cad-Ray. I have known Armen for over 15 years (we both were CEREC trainers) and he has always been unbeli...read moreI purchased my Medit scanner after the ADA meeting in 2018. I did it primarily on the personal recommendation of Armen Mirzayan, the owner of Cad-Ray. I have known Armen for over 15 years (we both were CEREC trainers) and he has always been unbelievably knowledgeable about dental technology and was always moving on the cutting edge.
When you see Armen's daily FB posts, it’s obvious that he is constantly pushing the envelope and exploring the limits of the Medit and the processes we use to idealize our push towards completely digital dentistry. Medit owners are fortunate to have Armen finding glitches and pushing for improvements in our scanner.
As far as after sale service, I can’t find a flaw with Cad-Ray. You won’t find a more supportive and dentist-centered company. Armen and Frank do everything to make purchasers happy and back up their sales.
I’ve heard of horror stories when people shopped elsewhere and only positive comments about Cad-Ray.
In summary, buy your Medit and other high tech equipment from Cad-Ray, you will be totally satisfied.
.read less - 10/08/2019
Customer service is truly the best I've seen. You don't just buy a product from them. There are hundreds of hours of training videos, and they have answered any question we have had in a matter of minutes. We are so glad we purchased our IO scanner t...read moreCustomer service is truly the best I've seen. You don't just buy a product from them. There are hundreds of hours of training videos, and they have answered any question we have had in a matter of minutes. We are so glad we purchased our IO scanner through them!read less - 4/09/2021
Dan Malloy
Extremely good customer service. From start to finish buying my Medit was flawless and they were very helpful in offering me information. When I got my scanner I had questions and my phone calls were returned immediately. They knew my name and guided...read moreExtremely good customer service. From start to finish buying my Medit was flawless and they were very helpful in offering me information. When I got my scanner I had questions and my phone calls were returned immediately. They knew my name and guided me through what I would need. Very impressed. Would recommend!read less - 2/02/2020
David Forrest
I have used a medit scanner i purchased from CAD-Ray for a few years now. I've had nothing but great customer service with them, and their facebook group is great for nearly instant feed back before the days end. I actually just bought another scanne...read moreI have used a medit scanner i purchased from CAD-Ray for a few years now. I've had nothing but great customer service with them, and their facebook group is great for nearly instant feed back before the days end. I actually just bought another scanner from them because they've been awesome to work with and have enjoyed the first one so much. I'm def a long term fan of theirs now.read less - 2/20/2024
Maggie Sh
I’ve been using Medit 500 since spring of 2021 and really like it. The support system has been very good so far. I just called yesterday and spoke with Frank Deluca, he was very informative and helpful. - 12/07/2021
Nisarg Parikh
Absolutely a phenomenal company. Everyone you engage with is extremely knowledgeable and helpful.I’m sure they get the same questions day in, day out but they are happy to help you without being condescending. The entire team has been helpful through...read moreAbsolutely a phenomenal company. Everyone you engage with is extremely knowledgeable and helpful.I’m sure they get the same questions day in, day out but they are happy to help you without being condescending. The entire team has been helpful through phone calls, the Cad-Ray FB group, and recorded webinars. Jonathan helped me get a great deal, Laura was awesome on the webinar, Damien is always answering questions on FB, and Armen had a great in-person presentation in Dallas. 100% recommend.read less - 4/22/2022
Dong Lim
One of the best investments I’ve made for my office. A fraction of the cost compared to cerec. No monthly club fee. Easy maintenance. Saving a ton on lab costs. Milling and designing crowns is honestly my favorite things to do now. - 6/29/2020
Great service and scanner support! Company delivers well above my expectations! Love my medit scanner. - 1/29/2023
Robert Crosby
The i700 is the second scanner I have purchased. It is hands down far superior in terms of quality and ease of use than my first scanner (3M Tru Def). I was hesitant to enter the market again but wanted to mainly for implant reasons. After talking...read moreThe i700 is the second scanner I have purchased. It is hands down far superior in terms of quality and ease of use than my first scanner (3M Tru Def). I was hesitant to enter the market again but wanted to mainly for implant reasons. After talking with Laura and watching her presentation with my staff, we were sold! The i700 was extremely reasonable in price while being similar to units costing twice as much. CAD-Ray made this possible. I found their on line training to be adequate in learning the necessary skills to start scanning, I continue to watch these videos as I sharpen my skills. Initially I was concerned about the on line training. But now I actually prefer this way of training as it is self paced and you always have the library of videos to watch when needed. Laura has been there to answer questions and help me whenever needed and I’m talking on nights and weekends too! I admit I was was extremely hesitant to get another scanner, especially with an online outfit; but I have no regrets and highly recommend CAD-Ray and Laura for anyone needing a scanner! They provide excellent services.read less - 4/23/2022
Mark Evans
I’d like to tell you a story about CAD-Ray.com.I ordered a VHF N4+ from CadRay. About two weeks after the order was placed, they called me up and said, “VHF just got an exclusive with “The Big Boys” so they are cutting ties with all the little indepe...read moreI’d like to tell you a story about CAD-Ray.com.I ordered a VHF N4+ from CadRay. About two weeks after the order was placed, they called me up and said, “VHF just got an exclusive with “The Big Boys” so they are cutting ties with all the little independent distributors. They just called us, and we just found out. What this means is that we won’t be able to provide you service after purchasing the VHF mill that you just bought.”Now, they could have just left it at that. They could have said, “Sorry, it’s out of our hands.” They could have said, “We appreciate your business, but it’s not our fault.” They could have said, “That’s the way the cookie crumbles.”But they didn’t.Frank Weinstein calls me up and tells me that they want to make this right, so they are going to hook me up with a brand new Imes Coritec One+ for the same price as the VHF. The Coritec One+ is like the Mercedes of mills for in-office. This is the new model that just barely came out. It is a 5 axis mill. It does wet and dry milling. It does blocks and pucks. It mills all materials know to man, including Vibranium. It can also fly the space shuttle, and make all your wishes and dreams come true. It’s that good. It came with the laptop, Exocad, all the tools, and all the bells and whistles. It came fully loaded. It came white glove delivered to my office. It came with in office training. It came with the extra bur package. It came with everything and the kitchen sink.So, I paid 36k for a mill, and because of something that was not Cad-Rays fault, they ended up giving me a 60k mill for the same price.In the words of the great Tony Stark: “That’s how Dad did it. That’s how Cad-Ray does it. And it’s worked out pretty well so far.”Thank you Frank Weinstein and Armen Mirzayan for having outstanding customer service and going the extra mile every time.read less - 4/09/2021
David Jump
I can't even find the words to express how incredible CAD-Ray has been with their customer service. I've never worked with a company in ANY industry that has been as helpful and responsive at they have been. Based on their customer service alone I ...read moreI can't even find the words to express how incredible CAD-Ray has been with their customer service. I've never worked with a company in ANY industry that has been as helpful and responsive at they have been. Based on their customer service alone I would buy every piece of equipment I ever needed from them if they sold it. Truly a unique experience! Oh, and the medit i500 has been fantastic, super accurate and patients are blown away by digital impressions. Love it, great product and incredible customer serviceread less - 12/09/2021
Karam ALrousan
i purchased medit intraoral scanner a year ago, other than the scanner is great, the customer service is outstanding whenever j need help or have a question they are ready instantly to answer my questions, cant ask for better customer service. - 6/16/2020
Kirk Arritt (fldnstrm)
Whatever digital workflow addition you want to add to your dental practice look no further than Cad-Ray. Top notch support and training. - 1/29/2023
Kyle Coffin
Bought a medit 6 months ago and customer service has been nothing short of amazing. Always very responsive and helpful. Great scanner, too! - 6/16/2020
Harrison MacKenzie
Purchased Medit i700 from Frank/CAD-Ray and everything has been absolutely top-notch! Great service, quick responses, great training. Very happy with CAD-Ray and our i700! - 10/20/2022
Laveen Smiles
CAD-Ray has the best customer service and support that you will ever receive from any dental company anywhere. I had an issue with a sintering oven I purchased from them. I needed immediate assistance, because I was in the middle of a case. The perso...read moreCAD-Ray has the best customer service and support that you will ever receive from any dental company anywhere. I had an issue with a sintering oven I purchased from them. I needed immediate assistance, because I was in the middle of a case. The person at CAD-RAY who had the knowledge to help me had just gotten into a car accident and was at the ER. Now most companies and people would have said “Sorry, we can’t help right now due to extenuating circumstances.” Not CAD-RAY! That person called me from the ER, in the middle of his personal problems, and gave me the needed information to solve my problem. Exceptional customer service and support is what you will get from CAD-RAY, and it won’t be for a limited time after your purchase. You won’t go wrong with a purchase from CAD-RAY.read less - 1/29/2023
Yuriy Yakubov
Got Medit scanner from CAD-ray 5 months ago. Today got help from Rayan. Rayan has a lot of patience ,explained everything I asked him . Absolutly satisfied. Great service, great support. - 10/19/2023
Luciana Bretz-Pavie
Wayne Glassoff is the go-to guy here! The BEST!!! He is always on it, he helps figuring out exactly what you need, the best way possible. And fast! Great working with CAD-Ray, they have pretty much everything when it comes to digital dentistry. And t...read moreWayne Glassoff is the go-to guy here! The BEST!!! He is always on it, he helps figuring out exactly what you need, the best way possible. And fast! Great working with CAD-Ray, they have pretty much everything when it comes to digital dentistry. And they give you a damn good support too. Jessica Knott is awesome… training and support, just the BEST! Very satisfied customer here!read less - 2/05/2023
Asi Cohen
Armen Mirzayan's knowledge base sets CAD-RAY.COM apart from all other digital dental-equipment dealers. Not content with linking manufacturer support content, Armen's team provide instant feedback to any equipment queries, in-depth video tutorials, a...read moreArmen Mirzayan's knowledge base sets CAD-RAY.COM apart from all other digital dental-equipment dealers. Not content with linking manufacturer support content, Armen's team provide instant feedback to any equipment queries, in-depth video tutorials, and regular product testing, streamlining, and pushing the boundaries of their products - be it software, hardware, or connectivity between various brands. I highly recommend this team if you want to fully utilise your equipment and have the backup needed going forward!read less - 11/05/2019
My Intraoral scanner was not working. It wouldn’t scan, during the scan the screen was completely blue. I contacted Laura and she logged in remotely and took care of the problem. She was extremely helpful and knowledgeable. Thank you Laura for your o...read moreMy Intraoral scanner was not working. It wouldn’t scan, during the scan the screen was completely blue. I contacted Laura and she logged in remotely and took care of the problem. She was extremely helpful and knowledgeable. Thank you Laura for your outstanding service. Thank you.read less - 12/07/2021
Todd Haskin
The medit is one of the best scanners on the market with the best price. Cad ray's support and training is phenomenal and they are very quick to respond. We work with Laura. Highly recommend. - 12/16/2021
Rusty Fitton
Super happy with our purchase of the Medit i500 from Cad Ray. Overall its a work horse scanner that has handled anything weve thrown at it. The key to success with it is definitely taking the time to actually learn how to use it after purchase. Ca...read moreSuper happy with our purchase of the Medit i500 from Cad Ray. Overall its a work horse scanner that has handled anything weve thrown at it. The key to success with it is definitely taking the time to actually learn how to use it after purchase. Cad Ray has an immense library of straight forward education videos that are updated basically daily. I havent done the 2 day course but that is also included in the purchase. You really cant find that sort of service and education with any of the other scanners on the market. Id recommend them to anyone.read less - 6/26/2020
Eric Reum
I bought a i500 almost a year and a half ago. Sadly it ran into an issue with the cord after over a years use. Cad-ray was extremely quick to diagnose the issue and also send a replacement scanner. The quality and ease of scanning has been great! Als...read moreI bought a i500 almost a year and a half ago. Sadly it ran into an issue with the cord after over a years use. Cad-ray was extremely quick to diagnose the issue and also send a replacement scanner. The quality and ease of scanning has been great! Also very happy with the customer service.read less - 6/02/2022
ed borio
I was dragging my feet before purchasing my first scanner because I was apprehensive of the effort required to change to a digital workflow. Laura assured me my fears were overblown and because of her patience and exceptional training abilities it h...read moreI was dragging my feet before purchasing my first scanner because I was apprehensive of the effort required to change to a digital workflow. Laura assured me my fears were overblown and because of her patience and exceptional training abilities it has been a rewarding and relatively seamless transition to the world of scanning. I never dreamed implementation would have been this easy and its attributed to Laura's skillful training ability. The scanner is wonderful and powerful, but we would have never been able to unlock its potential without her assistance.read less - 8/31/2021
Excellent customer service and product!! - 3/16/2022
Yu Gan
Great company. Pioneer in digital dentistry. Armen knows his stuff. Hands down the go to scanner reseller in the US. Support and training courses are incredible. - 10/02/2022
Cary Ganz
One of the best companies I've dealt with in decades of dental practice. Not only is the product excellent but the support both personally and online has been just wonderful. - 8/08/2021
Johnny Vredenburg III
Before working with cad-ray, I was hesitant to dive into digital dentistry due to the complexity of it. Working with Laura at cad-ray made all of my concerns go away. She was there to help me with my Exocad software installation, even outside of norm...read moreBefore working with cad-ray, I was hesitant to dive into digital dentistry due to the complexity of it. Working with Laura at cad-ray made all of my concerns go away. She was there to help me with my Exocad software installation, even outside of normal business hours - really hard to come by! I also purchased a Medit i500 and getting that setup and working in my clinic was seamless. I could not have asked for better support while navigating digital dentistry. My next purchase will be a 3D printer, and i know exactly where i will buy it from! Highly recommend these guys.read less - 11/20/2020
Sean Landgraf
Truly Great Service. Glad I purchased my scanner here. - 8/03/2023
Esther Quintana
Se ve muy bien, aunque yo le tengo, pánico, a los Dentistas, Sorry, pero tengo que ir, Ni modo - 2/25/2015
Thomas Lim
5 stars for a great product and great service. After much research I knew I was set on the Medit 500. I considered some of my local equipment reps, as well as cad-ray. Cad-ray won out due to their efficiency, speed of service, and knowledge. Their on...read more5 stars for a great product and great service. After much research I knew I was set on the Medit 500. I considered some of my local equipment reps, as well as cad-ray. Cad-ray won out due to their efficiency, speed of service, and knowledge. Their online presence makes it easy to get help via messaging, social media, or phone. The fact that one of the employees of Medit (an engineer?) posts on the cad-Ray Facebook group speaks volumes of the vendor-mfg relations.
The scanner itself works great, but make sure to contact them to get the minimum specs required for a laptop — it will make a difference in how the scanner performs. I had some slow scans at first but upgraded from 8gb to 32gb ram and also got some coaching from customer service (Frank) to get me up to speed.
To make the scanner mobile, I purchased this cart from Staples: https://www.staples.com/Oklahoma-Sound-Premium-Audio-Visual-Presentation-Cart-40-1-2-H-x-18-W-x-30-D-Black-Ivory-Wood/product_932437.
Lastly, I purchased “3M Dual Lock Fastener” to keep the power module attached to the wand from falling off the cart. I carry the scanner between two offices, so I wanted something sturdy, but removable. (see in photos). The hockey puck shaped holder (comes with the scanner) is heavy and sticks to the countertop without needing any adhesive.read less - 10/12/2019