I had an issue that was due to the Medit settings. Damien logged on remotely to my laptop, and resolved the issue in a couple of minutes. Fantastic service. Thank you. - 8/27/2021
Brandon Erickson
I have strong feelings about how great CAD-Ray has been. I purchased a medit i500 scanner from my lap, they wanted to use it for courses which aren't happening now so he didn't want to be sitting with this expensive piece of technology sitting aroun...read moreI have strong feelings about how great CAD-Ray has been. I purchased a medit i500 scanner from my lap, they wanted to use it for courses which aren't happening now so he didn't want to be sitting with this expensive piece of technology sitting around. Before purchasing he and I both talked to the Nobel sales rep who assured me that everything would transfer over just fine. I was concerned about the learning curve and wanted to be sure that I would have tech support. I asked the rep directly and he assured me again that everything would be great and he would come do an in-depth training with me. Long story short, the sales rep had no clue what he was doing and put very little effort in to helping me once the purchase was complete. I asked him over the phone how to do a few things and his response was to call CAD-Ray. They explained that this happens, they would love to help me but asked that I purchase the service package. That was a game changer. Now all of my questions getting answered, their response time is amazing and their understanding of the machine is by far better then the Nobel reps. The scanner is great but combine that with their tech support and I feel like I'm set up for success. If I were to do this again, I would skip the headache of trying to save a little bit of money and purchase it through CAD-Ray. But even with making the mistake, I feel like they have programs and support set up to point me in the right direction.read less - 10/15/2020
Yordanka Ivanova
I had been on the market for a scanner for a while and the i700 is my first intraoral scanner purchase. We are still new to the scanning world and its capabilities. Frank DeLuca was my main contact from the beginning and the person who did our traini...read moreI had been on the market for a scanner for a while and the i700 is my first intraoral scanner purchase. We are still new to the scanning world and its capabilities. Frank DeLuca was my main contact from the beginning and the person who did our training. The scanner is incredible and has surpassed our expectations even though we haven’t used it to its full potential yet. Frank has been amazing and always there to guide us every step of the way. Having such fabulous customer service and support from CAD-Ray was key for us when making this purchase decision. Thank you!read less - 6/23/2022
High quality scanner. Super fast. Have been happy with the support that Cad-Ray has offered. I really like the innovative technology that medit allows users to implement into their practice. - 10/13/2021
I purchased my medit in April of 2019 from Cad-Ray. The support offered is second to none, and the training videos are some of the best out there. Add to that a great support team that is fast to answer questions and issues, its hard to beat Cad-Ray. - 6/19/2020
Dado Dado
Frank DeLuca has been great since we bought the scanner! Always there for you and returns his calls asap. Thank you Frank! - 1/25/2023
Gary Benson
Our orthodontic office is new to scanning and printing, but CAD-Ray, Laura, Medit, and SprintRay have made the whole transition a huge win. Our first scan and print was cleaner than any traditional impression/pour up we've ever produced. On our first...read moreOur orthodontic office is new to scanning and printing, but CAD-Ray, Laura, Medit, and SprintRay have made the whole transition a huge win. Our first scan and print was cleaner than any traditional impression/pour up we've ever produced. On our first full clinic day, we scanned 14 arches and managed to stay on schedule! We were waiting for this technology to be affordable, fast, accurate, and reliable, and we can now say we are there. Thanks for all your help and ongoing support.read less - 6/25/2021
The customer service has been top notch, every single time. I have only good things to say about them. - 4/05/2022
Michelle Duong
We are a new user of Medit i600. My rep Andy was very good with the training & very detailed & patient with the whole process. The online support is one of the best. Installation was also easy and straightforward. Our staff is really happy...read moreWe are a new user of Medit i600. My rep Andy was very good with the training & very detailed & patient with the whole process. The online support is one of the best. Installation was also easy and straightforward. Our staff is really happy with this new addition to our office. Thank youread less - 9/23/2022
Awesome people who care about their clients. - 7/09/2021
Kenneth Gould
A most helpful, detailed, easy to follow, personal primer via Zoom on integrating the i700 scanner into our practice. Well done! Thank you Kaila! - 5/03/2022
Alexandra Lentz
Cad-Ray has been awesome to work with, very knowledgeable and quick to respond. Nick has been answering all my questions since day 1 and made the entire process of purchasing the Medit i700 a breeze. Can't believe how quick the product shipped and ca...read moreCad-Ray has been awesome to work with, very knowledgeable and quick to respond. Nick has been answering all my questions since day 1 and made the entire process of purchasing the Medit i700 a breeze. Can't believe how quick the product shipped and cannot wait to start scanning with it!read less - 12/15/2021
I'm a dentist in NJ, and I purchased the Medit i700 from CAD-Ray. Hands down they have the best support team. Laura is awesome with helping us using the Medit and with providing any support we may need. One of my best decisions so far was working wit...read moreI'm a dentist in NJ, and I purchased the Medit i700 from CAD-Ray. Hands down they have the best support team. Laura is awesome with helping us using the Medit and with providing any support we may need. One of my best decisions so far was working with CAD-Ray.read less - 4/15/2022
Farshad Rouhani
I do not know if it is okay to use the F word on this page. But I F@#KING LOVE MY MEDIT with the new filters now.
Scan the teeth with the middle filter, then go to the first 1 and get the palate in less than 1 minute. AMAZING
I have since s...read moreI do not know if it is okay to use the F word on this page. But I F@#KING LOVE MY MEDIT with the new filters now.
Scan the teeth with the middle filter, then go to the first 1 and get the palate in less than 1 minute. AMAZING
I have since sold my ITERO and JUST HATE my OMNICAM EVERYDAY.read less - 3/01/2020
Cad ray has been very nice to work with. Excellence service and support since I bought my Medit scanner - 6/16/2020
Brian Wilkinson
This company is genuinely amazing. Amazingly good products, but the thing that sets them apart is the support. Frank and Sean have answered any questions I have unbelievably fast. And I LOVE the DOF Craft 5x milling unit. Learning the flow of same da...read moreThis company is genuinely amazing. Amazingly good products, but the thing that sets them apart is the support. Frank and Sean have answered any questions I have unbelievably fast. And I LOVE the DOF Craft 5x milling unit. Learning the flow of same day milling was tricky for me, but they held my hand the whole way. Can’t go wrong here.read less - 1/06/2024
Daniel Thrall
I have owned this scanner for six months now. I have experience with other scanners including Trios and Carestream. The Medit scanner can stand with the big names. The scanned images are good. The ease of communication through the software with the l...read moreI have owned this scanner for six months now. I have experience with other scanners including Trios and Carestream. The Medit scanner can stand with the big names. The scanned images are good. The ease of communication through the software with the lab is probably my favorite part. Another thing I like is that the company is very open to improvements and listens to what its customers are wanting.
Cad Ray has a great team working alongside this product and continually updates all of the users on new features or new ways to use existing features. They are extremely responsive to questions and provide fast and competent support to the product that they sell.
I would recommend both the scanner and the company to anyone looking to get into the digital scanning world.read less - 10/09/2019
So glad we used Cad-Ray. They absolutely helped set everything up and even helped us tremendously when we needed a replacement. We are using the i700 and are thrilled with it! - 11/03/2022
David Jump
I can't even find the words to express how incredible CAD-Ray has been with their customer service. I've never worked with a company in ANY industry that has been as helpful and responsive at they have been. Based on their customer service alone I ...read moreI can't even find the words to express how incredible CAD-Ray has been with their customer service. I've never worked with a company in ANY industry that has been as helpful and responsive at they have been. Based on their customer service alone I would buy every piece of equipment I ever needed from them if they sold it. Truly a unique experience! Oh, and the medit i500 has been fantastic, super accurate and patients are blown away by digital impressions. Love it, great product and incredible customer serviceread less - 12/09/2021
Steven Cisternas
The future of digital dentistry is here now. Cad-ray provides all the tools needed to make it possible for us to provide digital care to our patients. Thanks Damien and Armen for a great course. - 8/07/2021
Value Dental
Excellent customer service and support. Kaila was extremely pleasant and professional over the phone. She sent us the replacement part in a timely fashion. Will recommend this product and their business to fellow colleagues. Thanks again! - 12/06/2021
David Christensen
I purchased the Medit i500 from Cad-Ray December 2018. I couldn’t be happier with the scanner. The improvements Medit has made over the last 10 months are nothing short of astounding! I can’t imaging what they’ll come up with next.
As for Cad-Ray...read moreI purchased the Medit i500 from Cad-Ray December 2018. I couldn’t be happier with the scanner. The improvements Medit has made over the last 10 months are nothing short of astounding! I can’t imaging what they’ll come up with next.
As for Cad-Ray, their support has been second to none. Never have I experienced the kind of attention and help from any other company. Wether it’s with help installing, computer hardware issues or technical help they respond IMMEDIATELY!
Armen is also a huge reason why I chose Cad-Ray. No one selling a product has helped me more evolve my scanning technique. He’s quick to respond to questions and issues I feel his service is a huge reason why to buy from CAD-RAY.read less - 10/09/2019
I Love it !!! I needed to replace my Omnicam because the computer hardware was old and not able to keep up with the software upgrades. The computer upgrade costs from Sirona were cost-prohibitive (another reason why the Medit is so good) and I wasn...read moreI Love it !!! I needed to replace my Omnicam because the computer hardware was old and not able to keep up with the software upgrades. The computer upgrade costs from Sirona were cost-prohibitive (another reason why the Medit is so good) and I wasn't about to make the same mistake twice and replace it with another system from Sirona. I was a bit unsure about making a big switch but after speaking with Nick Statly at Cad-Ray, he eliminated all of my reservations and I ordered it. I've used it for the past week and love it. Setting it up and getting it running was simple. I would not describe this as a do it yourself process, it's much easier. If you can make a cup of coffee you can set the scanner up and start making excellent scans. All one needs to do is watch the very well laid out and easy to follow videos and save a lot of money. The image quality and ease of use hands down beats the Omnicam. Also during the current pandemic, I really feel better about being able to cold sterlize the tips vs the omnicam's just "wiping down." I almost hope my desktop scanner craps out so I can get the Medit desktop. I'm glad I listened to you Nick!!!read less - 6/04/2020
Update to CAD-Ray as this company has morphed into something even better and grander than it was previously. This is the company where you go to when you need a scanner or 3d printer. Their customer service is second to none and their training on sca...read moreUpdate to CAD-Ray as this company has morphed into something even better and grander than it was previously. This is the company where you go to when you need a scanner or 3d printer. Their customer service is second to none and their training on scanners is top level. Don't buy your scanners anywhere else because Cad-Ray is the only company who knows how to solve any of your problems and provides the best technical support. I recently had purchased a software to mill crowns from my medit to my MCXL. No body could get it to work.12 months in and I was resigned to it not working and not being able to mill in house. With Cad-Ray's tremendous hard work, we were able to get the milling unit synchronized to the inlab and inlab synchronized to clinux and clinux meshed to medit. I am now milling scanned crowns for the first time in about 12 months. Yay Cad-Ray, Thank you!!!!!read less - 3/06/2024
Milton Ruiz
Best customer service I have ever experienced from any company I have worked with! They alway answer the phone and are ready to help with whatever question you may have. Love that I do not have to press 500 buttons to get to a live person. Bought my...read moreBest customer service I have ever experienced from any company I have worked with! They alway answer the phone and are ready to help with whatever question you may have. Love that I do not have to press 500 buttons to get to a live person. Bought my Medit from them and could not be happier with decision!read less - 12/20/2022
Asi Cohen
Armen Mirzayan's knowledge base sets CAD-RAY.COM apart from all other digital dental-equipment dealers. Not content with linking manufacturer support content, Armen's team provide instant feedback to any equipment queries, in-depth video tutorials, a...read moreArmen Mirzayan's knowledge base sets CAD-RAY.COM apart from all other digital dental-equipment dealers. Not content with linking manufacturer support content, Armen's team provide instant feedback to any equipment queries, in-depth video tutorials, and regular product testing, streamlining, and pushing the boundaries of their products - be it software, hardware, or connectivity between various brands. I highly recommend this team if you want to fully utilise your equipment and have the backup needed going forward!read less - 11/05/2019
I cannot say enough about the support I have received from the beginning. I chose CadRay ultimately because of the support reviews...I can attest first hand...they are all right on...though I have been practicing for more than 35 years, this old dog...read moreI cannot say enough about the support I have received from the beginning. I chose CadRay ultimately because of the support reviews...I can attest first hand...they are all right on...though I have been practicing for more than 35 years, this old dog has been taught a lot of new tricks from the support staff at Cad Ray...Truly impressed with every interaction so far! Thanksread less - 5/11/2023
Vivek Singh
I have had done business with these guys. I am impressed with their Amazing Customer service. John and Armen are great. I have and will order lots of stuff from them. Kudos to them!!!! - 6/19/2020
Tim Mininger II
Great product and company. all the help and support you need on their website and Facebook group. recommended them to many of my colleagues and bragged to other reps about how good my deal was compared to what they were offering. - 6/16/2020
Alec Keon
I was on the fence on getting a scanner for years and finally pulled the trigger. CAD-Ray's support and knowledge has made this one of the best investments in my practice to date. When I spoke with Damien on the phone about my options he literally sa...read moreI was on the fence on getting a scanner for years and finally pulled the trigger. CAD-Ray's support and knowledge has made this one of the best investments in my practice to date. When I spoke with Damien on the phone about my options he literally saved me thousands after figuring out what my exact needs were. I went with the Medit i600, MSI laptop and 3D dental systems cart. The final product looks and feels as premium as it gets.read less - 2/21/2024
Alex Vo
Great service and scanner support! Company delivers well above my expectations! Love my medit scanner. - 1/29/2023
Laveen Smiles
CAD-Ray has the best customer service and support that you will ever receive from any dental company anywhere. I had an issue with a sintering oven I purchased from them. I needed immediate assistance, because I was in the middle of a case. The perso...read moreCAD-Ray has the best customer service and support that you will ever receive from any dental company anywhere. I had an issue with a sintering oven I purchased from them. I needed immediate assistance, because I was in the middle of a case. The person at CAD-RAY who had the knowledge to help me had just gotten into a car accident and was at the ER. Now most companies and people would have said “Sorry, we can’t help right now due to extenuating circumstances.” Not CAD-RAY! That person called me from the ER, in the middle of his personal problems, and gave me the needed information to solve my problem. Exceptional customer service and support is what you will get from CAD-RAY, and it won’t be for a limited time after your purchase. You won’t go wrong with a purchase from CAD-RAY.read less - 1/29/2023
Bio Solution
Very great company, especially Frank. He is very helpful and has saved us a lot of money on resin for our 3D printers. We've recently bought a new scanner and Exocad software. He has been very gracious and quick to respond with the many questions I h...read moreVery great company, especially Frank. He is very helpful and has saved us a lot of money on resin for our 3D printers. We've recently bought a new scanner and Exocad software. He has been very gracious and quick to respond with the many questions I have had. Highly recommend Cad-Rayread less - 1/25/2023
DERYCK PHAM
STOP SEARCHING NOW!
Best bang for your buck scanner on the market. we have been using out medit for 8 months now. love our crowns, margins are fantastic. almost no adjustments needed at all. maybe one in ten crowns might have to adjust mesial or...read moreSTOP SEARCHING NOW!
Best bang for your buck scanner on the market. we have been using out medit for 8 months now. love our crowns, margins are fantastic. almost no adjustments needed at all. maybe one in ten crowns might have to adjust mesial or distal to get crown to drop in. occlusion is always spot on. patients love the technology and WOW factor -"SOOO COOOLLL." customer service is great also! dont waste your money on anythign else. our lab even comments on how easy it is to deal with medit and how good the scans are. they recommend it to their other doctors now as well.read less - 10/09/2019
I purchased my Medit scanner after the ADA meeting in 2018. I did it primarily on the personal recommendation of Armen Mirzayan, the owner of Cad-Ray. I have known Armen for over 15 years (we both were CEREC trainers) and he has always been unbeli...read moreI purchased my Medit scanner after the ADA meeting in 2018. I did it primarily on the personal recommendation of Armen Mirzayan, the owner of Cad-Ray. I have known Armen for over 15 years (we both were CEREC trainers) and he has always been unbelievably knowledgeable about dental technology and was always moving on the cutting edge.
When you see Armen's daily FB posts, it’s obvious that he is constantly pushing the envelope and exploring the limits of the Medit and the processes we use to idealize our push towards completely digital dentistry. Medit owners are fortunate to have Armen finding glitches and pushing for improvements in our scanner.
As far as after sale service, I can’t find a flaw with Cad-Ray. You won’t find a more supportive and dentist-centered company. Armen and Frank do everything to make purchasers happy and back up their sales.
I’ve heard of horror stories when people shopped elsewhere and only positive comments about Cad-Ray.
In summary, buy your Medit and other high tech equipment from Cad-Ray, you will be totally satisfied.
.read less - 10/08/2019
Customer service has always been top-notch! I personally worked with Wayne Glassoff and he has been super helpful getting our office up and running with 3D printing and has always been a great resource and highly responsive whenever I need anything o...read moreCustomer service has always been top-notch! I personally worked with Wayne Glassoff and he has been super helpful getting our office up and running with 3D printing and has always been a great resource and highly responsive whenever I need anything or have any questions.read less - 9/24/2022
Gunther Heyder
Fantastic Scanner. Has changed the way I practice dentistry. Opens up more time in my schedule and opens up new methods to allow for more consistent, satisfactory results. Customer service is fantastic. Feels like friends are on the other side of the...read moreFantastic Scanner. Has changed the way I practice dentistry. Opens up more time in my schedule and opens up new methods to allow for more consistent, satisfactory results. Customer service is fantastic. Feels like friends are on the other side of the phone. Good work CAD-Ray!read less - 12/08/2021
Roger Wilson
CAD-Ray provides the best support around. I started scanning with Medit i500 in 2018 and my dental practice immediately changed for the better.As a rookie, I had a lot of questions and I calledCAD-Ray a lot in the beginning. They were great!Jonathan...read moreCAD-Ray provides the best support around. I started scanning with Medit i500 in 2018 and my dental practice immediately changed for the better.As a rookie, I had a lot of questions and I calledCAD-Ray a lot in the beginning. They were great!Jonathan Acker helped me get set up. Frank Weinstein answered tons of questions. Laura Geney became an important source of information as I moved into scan bodies, AI library, and had hardware questions. I’ve attended classes in Dallas featuring Armen Mirzayan who is incredibly knowledgeable and will tell you the good, bad, and the ugly about digital workflow. The possibilities are endless with scanning technology. I also want to mention Nick Statly who has visited my Dallas office and is a wealth of information. I have to admit that I frequently view the CAD-Ray User Group Face Book page just to pick up a few pearls here and there.I highly recommend CAD-Ray because their support is by far the best in the IOS industry and because their people honestly care about the customer and are truly committed to your success.read less - 12/23/2021
blakesherrick-q6S
The Medit i700 is a game changer in speed and overall comfort for patients. I find it much smaller than other brands and have done almost 50 appliances/aligner cases the past 2 months with no fit issues from my lab. Love this scanner!
Dr. Sherric...read moreThe Medit i700 is a game changer in speed and overall comfort for patients. I find it much smaller than other brands and have done almost 50 appliances/aligner cases the past 2 months with no fit issues from my lab. Love this scanner!
Dr. Sherrick
Auburn Lakes Orthodonticsread less - 8/24/2021
I ordered a VHF N4+ from CadRay. About two weeks after the order was placed, they called me up and said, “VHF just got an exclusive with “The Big Boys” so they are cutting ties with all the little ind...read moreI’d like to tell you a story about CAD-Ray.com.
I ordered a VHF N4+ from CadRay. About two weeks after the order was placed, they called me up and said, “VHF just got an exclusive with “The Big Boys” so they are cutting ties with all the little independent distributors. They just called us, and we just found out. What this means is that we won’t be able to provide you service after purchasing the VHF mill that you just bought.”
Now, they could have just left it at that. They could have said, “Sorry, it’s out of our hands.” They could have said, “We appreciate your business, but it’s not our fault.” They could have said, “That’s the way the cookie crumbles.”
But they didn’t.
Frank Weinstein calls me up and tells me that they want to make this right, so they are going to hook me up with a brand new Imes Coritec One+ for the same price as the VHF. The Coritec One+ is like the Mercedes of mills for in-office. This is the new model that just barely came out. It is a 5 axis mill. It does wet and dry milling. It does blocks and pucks. It mills all materials know to man, including Vibranium. It can also fly the space shuttle, and make all your wishes and dreams come true. It’s that good. It came with the laptop, Exocad, all the tools, and all the bells and whistles. It came fully loaded. It came white glove delivered to my office. It came with in office training. It came with the extra bur package. It came with everything and the kitchen sink.
So, I paid 36k for a mill, and because of something that was not Cad-Rays fault, they ended up giving me a 60k mill for the same price.
In the words of the great Tony Stark: “That’s how Dad did it. That’s how Cad-Ray does it. And it’s worked out pretty well so far.”
Thank you Frank Weinstein and Armen Mirzayan for having outstanding customer service and going the extra mile every time.read less - 4/02/2021
carlos Santos
I would like to let you know that Kaila Larson is excellent communicator, personable, professional and knowledgeableI have had the opportunity to talk to her 3 times and it has always been awesome.Regards,Dr Carlos santos - 4/08/2022
Mary Oliverie
Last year when I started looking into the Medit i500 I had my front desk call 3 sellers to get preliminary information. She told me hands down call CAD-RAY and don’t bother with the others. Boy was she right! Frank got us going with all our hardware ...read moreLast year when I started looking into the Medit i500 I had my front desk call 3 sellers to get preliminary information. She told me hands down call CAD-RAY and don’t bother with the others. Boy was she right! Frank got us going with all our hardware needs and trained us until all our questions were answered. Then Jonathon and Armen jumped in at our 2 day live training in Baltimore. I still review my notes to implement all the great ideas. When I get myself in a jam time to time CAD-RAY responds immediately and fixes my problem. Best decision I have made in the practice in a long time - Thank you everyone at CAD-RAY!read less - 10/09/2019
Cad-Ray's support is truly exceptional. While the equipment represents a significant investment, the peace of mind that comes from knowing they stand firmly behind their products is invaluable. Their support team is efficient, professional, and remar...read moreCad-Ray's support is truly exceptional. While the equipment represents a significant investment, the peace of mind that comes from knowing they stand firmly behind their products is invaluable. Their support team is efficient, professional, and remarkably persistent in ensuring everything runs smoothly. I'm especially grateful to Destaney and Laura for their ongoing assistance- their dedication and expertise have made a world of a difference!read less - 5/15/2025
Kent Lysgaard
This company has the best customer support I have ever experienced. I purchased the I700 Intraoral scanner and the transition from impression material to io scanner has been so easy because of Cad-Ray. I highly recommend them. The response to questi...read moreThis company has the best customer support I have ever experienced. I purchased the I700 Intraoral scanner and the transition from impression material to io scanner has been so easy because of Cad-Ray. I highly recommend them. The response to questions/issues is instantaneous even with a patient in the chair they have the capability to go online and help. Absolutely first rate.read less - 4/13/2022
Al Villalobos
Great scanner at a good price...Excellent customer service . I never want to take a conventional impression again! Best upgrade to my office in years. - 11/16/2021
Debra Haselton DDS PLC
I had a training session with Laila this morning and she was fantastic! Very organized training, easy to follow and was able to get my scanner up and running. Thank you Kaila! - 1/06/2022
Francis Shin
Amazing customer service. Wayne Glassoff helped me with purchase decision, taking the time to find out my needs, and then my order was delivered quickly! Easily the best "dental" purchase experience that I have ever had. - 9/07/2022
Jennifer Ebner
After using the medit i500 scanner at an office as an employee, I purchased it from Cad-ray,com specifically because of their good reviews and their large, concise training library of videos. I've used CEREC as an instructor at a dental school and bo...read moreAfter using the medit i500 scanner at an office as an employee, I purchased it from Cad-ray,com specifically because of their good reviews and their large, concise training library of videos. I've used CEREC as an instructor at a dental school and bought a used Planscan, Planmill for my private office. Both were hard to learn and the fees and cost associated with training were a bitter pill to swallow after the costs to purchase. The ease of seating restoration was instant. The scanning learning curve is quick. I have easily added occlusal guard scanning, and implant scanning and will be trying a digital denture soon.
The purchase was easy, the product came quickly and the set-up videos guided me through very necessary adjustments to my Laptop I never knew I needed. Learning the new features with each FREE update is a treat. The DIY option was an extra bonus as the $2000 rebate came without having to ask for it. Cad-ray has delivered more than I expected with the purchase of the fantastic Mediti500 scanner.
I've included my cart set up. purchased from Amazon for $68. Its stable, has room for the necessities. I've taken it home and back to the office half a dozen times and it transports the scanner safely. It also keeps the cords from being run over. I haven't taken the included 2 day course but look forward too it after Social Distancing mandates are lifted.read less - 4/25/2020